Artichoke
Family Compositae (or Asteraceae)
Cynara scolomys, the artichoke (C. scolomys 1), is a thistle-like herbaceous perennial, 1-1.5 m high, with large arching leaves (C. scolomys 2), up to 60 cm long and with deep, pointed lobes. The globose flower head (C. scolomys 3), often more than 10 cm in diameter, consists of a common receptacle bearing fleshy green scales, surrounding a cluster of violet-blue florets (C. scolomys 4).
Distribution
The artichoke most likely is of Mediterranean origin and was known to the ancient Greek and Romans. Since the 15th century it spread over Europe and reached North America in the 18th century.
Use
Artichokes are grown for the immature flower heads, the fleshy scales and receptacle being eaten after boiling. In Italy baby artichokes are eaten raw, preserved in olive oil, or dipped in butter and fried. The greatest producers are the Mediterranean countries and Argentina.